Book Reviews


einstein intersection coverWill our stories outlive us; and, if so, how will we be perceived when they are found?

Below is a short review of Samuel R. Delany’s The Einstein Intersection (1967); I’ve posted a more thorough review at Retrospeculative.

I think in this short novel, Delany is showing off (or he was a heck of a lot smarter than I was at the tender age of twenty-three), but if the reader can struggle through the confusing patches, there are delights to be had. Delany is definitely not for everyone, but there is some wonderfully lyrical writing, and the novel is quite satisfying if you’re able to immerse yourself in his world-vision. It amazes me that Delany was published in a pulp fiction market. His working title for the book was A Fabulous, Formless Darkness (from a William Butler Yeats work he’d quoted), but it was ‘re-worked’ by the publisher, Ace Books (of  garish covers and low-priced packaging fame). Ace‘s main audience was teenage boys who wanted formulaic plots with the usual science fiction stereotypes. Delany employed the stereotypes, but twisted them into unusual perspectives. Even though he set his stories far in the future, they were designed to describe the world as it was.

The novel takes place on Earth; however, it is set tens-of-thousands of years into the future: myths run rampant and are only partially explained at the crossroads of logic and irrationality (with tongue firmly planted in cheek, I’d suggest searching at the corner of Einstein Street and Gödel Avenue). Two of the major themes are travel, through space,  time, and thought, as echoed in Delany’s travels through the Mediterranean, Spain, and Greece (which he relates in between-chapter notes), and difference from the ‘norm’, as demonstrated by the mutating aliens, who are attempting to maintain a sense of conformity while sifting through the gossamer memories of a sentient species — humanity — that has vanished.

The reader is immersed in the alien’s milieu, just as the aliens are immersed in the quagmire of humanity’s psychic memories. Within the body of the novel, Delany has included some travel-notes, which he wrote while wandering through foreign lands, creating the novel. At one point [p.119], he writes: “…perhaps on rewriting I shall change Kid Death’s hair from black to red.”  But the reader has already encountered the character, and his hair is red, which demonstrates Delany’s interest in time, events in time, and awareness; what has been, what might have been, and what is. And he has also set up a conscious association between the author, the reader, and the words on the page (something he does to a dizzying degree in Dhalgren). At another point [p. 65], Delany implicitly states that “…the central subject of the book is myth.”

It is a book full of myth and peppered with confusion; nevertheless, if you enjoy a story that requires some cobbling together and leaves you thinking after you finish, I highly recommend it; along with Dhalgren, Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand, and the Return to Nevèrÿon series, it displays Delany at his mythical best.

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Below is a ‘synopsis’ review; for my full review, check out Retrospeculative

among-others-coverIn Among Others it’s unclear where the line between autobiography and fiction resides; but, at the very least, I assume fiction takes over where magic blurs the edges of reality. The novel won the Hugo Award (2012), the Nebula Award (2011), and the British Fantasy Award (The Robert Holdstock Award, 2012).

The novel is, in part, a love-letter to science fiction and fantasy books and their authors (and librarians), and there are numerous references to ‘speculative’ fiction within Among Others.

I enjoyed the novel, and there were even a few references to works I haven’t read that I may look up. Events proceed with a charming aura and, although not much happens in the novel, it is the journey that makes the experience worthwhile. For me, the journey began decades ago as a young boy. Since finishing the novel I’m almost sure I’ve detected fairies out the corners of my eyes, at the edge of what is called reality.

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Iain_M_Banks_The _Algebraist_coverIain M. Banks is one of the more literate authors to take on science fiction (he also writes mainstream literary fiction, as Iain Banks (without the ‘M.’)). I find his science fiction novels highly enjoyable, but he does have tendencies that can be obtrusive; in particular, he invariably includes horrific scenes, he often incorporates overtly evil villains, and his novels tend to be overstuffed with extraneous information (i.e.: they’d make a serviceable doorstop. For pure geek enjoyment this is a good thing, but it is ponderous at times).

I enjoyed The Algebraist, but struggled with a few sections. The villain is so over-the-top that I can picture him twirling the ends of a Snidely Whiplash moustache, and I faithfully slogged through the middle of the novel while feeling as if the book had entered into the ‘slow time’ of the main character, Fassin Taak (a Slow Seer, who delves the depths of a gas giant planet to converse with Dwellers, creatures that can live for billions of years and prefer to cogitate at a slower speed than humans).

The story is presented as an ‘epic’, huge in scope; and yet, it is really quite simple when divested of its accouterments. I enjoyed the first third of the book, aged faster than normal in the middle, enjoyed the build up to the ending, and found the summing-up satisfying (I was especially buoyed by the hopeful statement embodied in the final sentence).

I appreciate Iain M. Banks’ writing style; he can be quite humorous (even his morbid scenes can be comical), he creates interesting characters, and he usually includes enough imaginative ideas for several novels.

I didn’t think this was one of his better books; nevertheless, it was well worth the time invested in reading it.

Sadly, Iain Banks has been diagnosed with gall bladder cancer and is not expected to live more than a year. His final book, a work of literary fiction, The Quarry, is due for publication later this year. He has posted a personal message on his website, and there is a guestbook on his site that is set up for fans and friends to leave messages.

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Vintage book edition, 1959I was rearranging some bookshelves and — in a dusty back corner, behind a framed Buddha —  I found a small paperback copy of The Immense Journey, by Loren Eiseley. I read the book over twenty years ago and I remember enjoying it, but haven’t seen it since.

When I opened the book, it became obvious that it was published before acid-free paper: the pages looked frangible, with yellow-brown discoloration at the outer edges.

I’ve always been a compulsive note-jotter, and there were quite a few passages marked in the book, including the author’s thoughts about a theoretical ancestor of Homo sapiens…

“It began as such things always begin — in the ooze of unnoticed swamps, in the darkness of eclipsed moons. It began with a strangled gasping for air.
The pond was a place of reek and corruption, of fetid smells and oxygen-starved fish breathing through laboring gills. At times the slowly contracting circle of the water left little windrows of minnows who skittered desperately to escape the sun, but who died, nevertheless, in the fat, warm mud. It was a place of low life. In it the human brain began.
There were strange snouts in those waters, strange barbels nuzzling the bottom ooze, and there was time — three hundred million years of it — but mostly, I think, it was the ooze. By day the temperature in the world outside the pond rose to a frightful intensity; at night the sun went down in smoking red. Dust storms marched in incessant progression across a wilderness whose plants were the plants of long ago. Leafless and weird and stiff they lingered by the water, while over vast areas of grassless uplands the winds blew until red stones took on the polish of reflecting mirrors. There was nothing to hold the land in place. Winds howled, dust clouds rolled, and brief erratic torrents choked with silt ran down to the sea. It was a time of dizzying contrasts, a time of change.
On the oily surface of the pond, from time to time a snout thrust upward, took in air with a queer grunting inspiration, and swirled back to the bottom. The pond was doomed, the water was foul, and the oxygen almost gone, but the creature would not die. It could breathe air direct through a little accessory lung, and it could walk. In all that weird and lifeless landscape, it was the only thing that could. It walked rarely and under protest, but that was not surprising. The creature was a fish.
In the passage of days, the pond became a puddle, but the Snout survived. There was dew one dark night and a coolness in the empty stream bed. When the sun rose next morning the pond was an empty place of cracked mud, but the Snout did not lie there. He had gone. Down stream there were other ponds. He breathed air for a few hours and hobbled slowly along on the stumps of heavy fins.
It was an uncanny business if there had been anyone there to see. It was a journey best not observed in daylight, it was something that needed swamps and shadows and the touch of the night dew. It was a monstrous penetration of a forbidden element, and the Snout kept his face from the light. It was just as well, though the face should not be mocked. In three hundred million years it would be our own.”

from The Snout, in The Immense Journey (p.49 – 51)

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Ned_Beauman_The_Teleportation_AccidentIn retrospect, I thoroughly enjoyed this novel, a mixture of : Douglas Adams; Philip Roth’s Portnoy’s Complaint; David Mitchell’s Cloud Atlas; Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five; and something undeniably new (I now feel the need to read Ned Beauman‘s first novel, Boxer, Beetle).

After I’d finished the first hundred pages (maybe a bit more) I was pretty sure I wouldn’t like it; nevertheless, I kept reading because every once in a while there was a nugget, and I didn’t want to miss one: below are a few that I marked as I read (there are lots more):

“A short-wave radio hummed jazz as if it had forgotten the tune.” (p.133)

“There was enough ice in her voice for a serviceable daiquiri.” (p.149)

“…the sort of moustache that could beat you in an arm-wrestling contest.” (p.163)

“…a tall, gaunt man with small narrow eyes set deep in his skull like two old sisters trying to spy out of the windows of their house without being noticed.”(p.197)

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It takes quite some time for this novel’s plot to warm up, but there is more going on than I suspected at first (and a whirlwind of threads converge near the end of the book, which has four endings).

The novel begins in Berlin, 1931.

There are quite a few threads introduced at various points, for example:

  • Set designer Adriano Lavicini’s Extraordinary Mechanism for the Almost Instantaneous Transport of Persons from Place to Place, which caused an infamous disaster, with echoes far into the future.
  • Evolved dinosaurs: the Troondonians.
  • Adele Hitler (no relation), who evokes a strong infatuation from the main character, Egon Loeser.
  • A one-sided romance (see previous point).
  • A murder mystery with noir elements.
  • A scientist attempting to harness the energy of ghosts to provide electricity for the USA.
  • A man who cannot tell pictures from the real thing (he suffers from ontological agnosia).

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The main character, Egon Loeser, is difficult to like; however, I find my reaction to be similar to another character in the novel — Rupert Rackenham — who decided that “…in spite of everything, he liked Loeser.” (p.352)

Highly recommended; but be patient, and be aware that this is an odd book…

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God_of_Small_Things_coverThe God of Small Things has all the ingredients that I love in a novel; poetic writing, intriguing metaphors, language calisthenics, a character driven narrative, a dream-like sensibility, and metaphysical elements. And I did enjoy many sections; unfortunately, I wasn’t particularly fond of the novel as a whole. But that’s just my opinion; others thought very highly of it indeed: it won the Booker Prize, and garnered many glowing reviews. I just wasn’t drawn into the characters as I should have been.

The idiosyncrasies of the author’s prose style that likely helped win her the Booker Prize didn’t quite work for me. Ms. Roy used an inordinate amount of ink to foray into trivialities; not necessarily detrimental, but in this novel they felt forced at times and intruded on the story. I also began to weary of the interminable metaphors and the circling, echoing cadence as the novel turned about the event that shapes the lives of the characters.

The author, Arundhati Roy, has previously written two screenplays for films, and I do think the book would make an excellent movie: the story is quite moving.

Much of the writing is rich, luxurious, and brutally rhythmic: the novel reminded me of the many jazz songs that I couldn’t quite connect with: a song in which I could detect the brilliance in a phrase here, a bar there; but, overall, it just didn’t work for me. Occasionally, I can revisit one of these jazz tunes at a later date and the brilliance coalesces in my mind.

I probably won’t re-read this small, attractive book that I truly wish I could have appreciated more, as it no doubt deserves.

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The_Scar_Mieville_cover“A scar is a healing. After injury, a scar is what makes you whole” (Chapter 12, p. 171)

“Scars are memory.” (Coda, p. 635)

China Miéville’s fertile imagination soars in The Scar. Like his first Bas-Lag novel (Perdidio Street Station), it took me a while to settle into the narrative of The Scar; as the novel begins, the language is overwrought and manipulative, but I think this serves to draw the reader into a different experience, a world where possibilities are unlimited. After about three chapters the novel settles into a wonderful groove. It is the concept of ‘possibilities’ that may urge me to reread the novel in a few years, to see what I missed the first time around.

There are several significant characters in the book: the Lovers, an identically scarred man and woman (each referred to as the Lover); Johannes Tearfly (a scientist); Tanner Sack (a genetically remade criminal); Shekel (Tanner’s young friend); Silas Fennec (a spy); Brucolac, the ‘vampir’ (victim of a bacteriological disease, photophobic haemophagy); and others. However, I’d like to focus on two of the main characters: Bellis Coldwine, a linguist and the first-person narrator for parts of the story (and the main character in the novel), and Uther Doul, a scholar and master of martial techniques.

To me, Uther Doul is the most interesting character in the book. He is a master manipulator, a character who subtly nudges ‘possibilities’ to achieve his goals. By the end of the novel I was sure that Doul had manipulated many of the events that appeared to be mere chance at the time. But Miéville has also made Doul somewhat insipid: with his skill, and his ‘possible sword’, he is unbeatable (even against unbelievable odds); hence, he will always win a battle. He almost seems as if he is a character who belongs outside the tale, manipulating the plot, a scientist who studies his experiment through a microscope, but cannot help but prod the experiment to arrive at a desired result (metaphysically, the experimenter is always a part of the experiment). Is Uther Doul Miéville’s alter-ego? Doul certainly manipulates Bellis Coldwine…

It is through the narration of Bellis and her actions and reactions that the story of The Scar unfolds; particularly in her long letter to an unknown recipient, written throughout the course of the novel’s action: the document becomes a ‘Possible Letter’, with its possibilities dependent on who the letter is ultimately addressed to. Bellis is bitter and withdrawn due to her forced escape from New Crobuzon and subsequent kidnapping by the pirates of Armada, the floating city made up of thousands of ships (Armada is an astounding place, though not as Gothically stunning as New Crobuzon in Perdido Street Station).

Scars are, of course, a recurring theme (a minor quibble: almost too many times the concept of scars came up, along with the word puissant), but The Scar of the title is the granddaddy scar of them all.

The Scar, like Perdido Street Station, is, in Miéville’s own words, weird fiction: a mixture of steam-punk science fiction, thaumaturgic-fantasy, Gothic-horror, and the kitchen sink: the reader encounters all kinds of beings on Miéville’s world, Bas Lag: humans, humanoid-animal mixtures (women with scarab-beetles for heads, men with crayfish bodies, mosquito-people, et cetera), alien beings (among others: cacti-beings, eel-beings that swim through the air, a monstrous fish from another dimension, porcupine-beings, and nightmarish creatures that cannot be looked at if you are to survive with your intellect intact), and all manner of creatures and possibilities that are explained (or not) in passing.

I’ve typed a lot, but explained little…

If you read and enjoyed Perdido Street Station, I’d highly recommend you read The Scar, which I found to have a more linear and robust plot, if not quite as much mind-numbing weirdness. Both novels are stand-alone creations, but in The Scar there are references to people and events from Perdido Street Station (a warning: both novels are well over six-hundred pages long).

If you didn’t particularly enjoy Perdido Street Station, or if the concept of weird fiction turns you off, but you’d like to sample China Miéville’s oeuvre, I’d recommend The City & The City, which is an urban science fiction/metaphysical police procedural (apparently Miéville wrote it as a gift for his terminally-ill mother who was a fan of the police procedural). The City & The City is, I think, Miéville’s most accomplished novel, but it is not as hyper-imaginative as his Bas-Lag creations, Perdido Street Station and The Scar.

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blindsightBlindsight is ‘hard’ science fiction with an edge; it is well written and styled after the qualities of the book’s fictional narrator, Siri Keeton.

The novel guides the reader through a de-humanized society where gene manipulation and machine interfacing is the norm. This future society is well represented by the novel’s main set of characters: half of Siri’s brain was removed and replaced with circuitry; another character split her consciousness — purposely — into an additional three distinct personalities; two characters are loaded with computer/prosthetic enhancements; and the leader of the group is a genetically reconstructed vampire (I’m not convinced a vampire was required in the story (no doubt influenced by my prejudice against vampire stories), but the author made this character interesting and included an intriguing appendix regarding the biology of Homo sapiens vampiris). As if the humans in the story aren’t weird enough, there are intelligent, extraterrestrial beings as well; and they are truly alien, having followed a different evolutionary pathway than humanity.

Among the many interesting ideas within the book is an analysis of the individual as a concept; what is consciousness, and is it a good thing? The depiction of a computer-substrate ‘afterlife’ (and the visits from next-of-kin) was also remarkable, albeit disturbing.

I enjoyed the book’s action sequences, and Peter Watts‘ imagination, but was left wanting more out of the characters. The protagonist’s personality developed through the course of the novel, but the story is driven by plot and science, and I prefer a novel propelled by character. I do, however, recommend this book to anybody who enjoys hard science fiction.

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razors-edge-w-somerset-maugham-paperback-cover-artOf Human Bondage is generally considered W. Somerset Maugham’s masterpiece, but The Razor’s Edge was his most successful novel (economically). Maugham is a character in the story — the first-person narrator — and he assures the reader that it is a true story, with nothing embellished (surely, at the very least, an over-simplification: even assuming this is a true story, Maugham has undoubtedly embellished it). Whether the novel is based on real events has been a topic of debate since the novel’s publication, but I find it difficult to believe it is a true-life story. Similar plots occur in at least three other works of his (The Hero (1901), The Fall of Edward Barnard (1921), and The Road Uphill (1924)). I suspect that the plot intrigued him and, after his visit to India in 1938 when he met Ramana Maharshi (the inspiration for Shri Ganesha in the novel), he finally got it the way he wanted in The Razor’s Edge. Of course, as all authors do, he populated the novel with characters that had similar characteristics to those that he met in real life.

He undoubtedly wrote the novel during the five years during WW II that he lived in Beaufort County, on Bonny Hall Plantation, which was owned by Nelson Doubleday, who just happens to have been in charge of Doubleday, which published the novel in 1944.

It is probable that Gray Maturin’s character was based on  Doubleday, a very tall, soft-spoken businessman. And it is almost certain that Elliot Templeton was inspired by Sir Henry ‘Chips’ Channon. It becomes less clear, however, whether Larry Darrell (who took The Road Not Taken) was modeled on a real person; some have suggested Guy Hague, others Christopher Isherwood (who wanted nothing to do with the connection), but neither real-life person fits the story well if we are to believe Maugham’s assertion that nothing in the novel was embellished. It is quite conceivable that Larry is based on a type of person; an amalgam of Maugham’s imagination and the people the he had met (there is an interesting site devoted to the identification of Darrell).

Whatever the inspiration for the novel was, it is a good read, particularly the way Maugham juxtaposes the upper-class, the poor, and the saintly Larry Darrell. As usual, Maugham’s characterizations are brilliant, and the descriptions of the different strata of society are wonderful period pieces. Maugham’s female characters are generally not as likeable as their male counterparts, and I found that to be the case in this novel as well. The male characters, although flawed, are presented in a much more sympathetic manner.

Recommended.

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Lethem_Fortress_of_Solitude_coverI enjoyed The Fortress of Solitude, but the book was a bit ragged in parts; then again, that may be part of its charm. For those who don’t know, the novel borrows its title from Superman’s secret lair (and the Superman comic borrowed the Fortress of Solitude name and idea from the Doc Savage pulps of the 1930s). In Jonathan Lethem’s novel, the main character, Dylan Ebdus, grows up in North Gowanus, a neighbourhood in Brooklyn. The novel explores themes of racial tension, comic books, music, the process of maturing, neighbourhood sub-cultures, Graffiti, drug use, and gentrification. The novel’s central character, Dylan Ebdus, grows up on Dean Street (his Fortress of Solitude), within the North Gowanus neighbourhood, which undergoes gentrification, eventually changing its name to Boerum Hill.

The novel is semi-autobiographical; Jonathan Lethem grew up in the area described in the novel, and Lethem’s father, like Dylan’s fictional father in the book, is an avant-garde artist. Additionally, when Lethem was thirteen his mother passed away from a brain tumor; and, in the novel, Dylan’s mother abandons him: although the two circumstances are vastly different, the feelings felt by an awkward, teenage boy may be quite similar.

The reader is steeped in the character of Dylan Ebdus (as a child in third person, as an adult in first person) as he encounters many eccentric personalities (acquaintances, friends, and even a lifelong enemy), but it is his intermittent best friend, Mingus Rude, who is the great, unheralded hero.

The story includes a magic ring that some critics found gimmicky, but the ring is an important symbol; in the novel, it purportedly imparts the ability to fly and become invisible, but it is also a symbol of the lasting relationship between Dylan and Mingus, even when they are apart. And the ring can be viewed as a metaphor for a comic book aficionado’s imagination, and drug use. The ring may also be a device that allowed the author to step into the story, particularly as an invisible character; as Dylan, but using his own memories within the fictional construct to tell the tale. Ultimately, the ring may have a  more powerful effect than flight and invisibility: the power to extract truth.

I’ve also read Jonathan Lethem’s Gun with Occasional Music, As She Climbed Across the Table, and Motherless Brooklyn: Motherless Brooklyn is still my favourite, but The Fortress of Solitude may be a better novel, albeit with a less charismatic protagonist.

Recommended.

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